SPANISH VOCABULARY
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Building a strong vocabulary is the cornerstone of mastering any language, and our Spanish Vocabulary Section is designed to help you express yourself on a variety of topics. There’s no point in memorising grammar if you don’t know what things are called, so we recommend that you begin your Spanish language journey right here. You can also explore specific Spanish words and expressions in our Culture section.
On this page, you’ll find the essential vocabulary to get started. Our vocabulary lists are carefully curated to cover a wide range of themes. Learning the most common 3000 words will allow you to understand about 80–90% of everyday spoken or written material, assuming you already have a basic understanding of grammar. Languages follow the so-called "Pareto Principle" (80/20 rule), where a small portion of vocabulary covers the majority of real-life communication.
For now, we suggest you read the words several times a day so that you can recognise them when you come across them in a conversation or a text. Learning Spanish vocabulary will be a bit easier if you already know another Romance language like Portuguese or Italian. After this, you can move on to the Grammar section, where you’ll see these words in action. Be sure to check out the Loanwords at the end if you want to speed up the memorisation process even further or our News section that features articles with more sector specific and technical vocabulary.
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Useful Spanish Expressions
hola hello
buenos días good morning
buenas tardes good afternoon
buenas noches good evening
adiós goodbye
hasta luego see you later
hasta pronto see you soon
nos vemos see you
por favor please
gracias thank you
muchas gracias thank you very much
mil gracias many thanks
de nada you’re welcome
no hay de qué don’t mention it
perdón sorry
lo siento I’m sorry
disculpa excuse me
disculpe excuse me (formal)
con permiso excuse me
permiso may I pass
claro of course
desde luego certainly
por supuesto of course
exacto exactly
correcto correct
vale okay
está bien it’s fine
de acuerdo agreed
perfecto perfect
muy bien very good
no pasa nada it’s nothing
no hay problema no problem
como quieras as you wish
a ver let’s see
bueno well
tal vez maybe
quizás perhaps
a lo mejor maybe
puede ser it could be
no sé I don’t know
no entiendo I don’t understand
entiendo I understand
¿cómo? sorry?
¿qué? what?
¿cómo estás? how are you?
¿qué tal? how’s it going?
¿qué pasa? what’s happening?
¿qué ocurre? what’s going on?
¿cómo te llamas? what’s your name?
me llamo my name is
encantado nice to meet you
encantada nice to meet you (female speaker)
mucho gusto pleased to meet you
igualmente likewise
bienvenido welcome
bienvenida welcome (female)
felicidades congratulations
enhorabuena well done
salud bless you
buen provecho enjoy your meal
buena suerte good luck
que tengas un buen día have a good day
hasta mañana see you tomorrow
cuídate take care
nos hablamos we’ll talk
Most Common Spanish Verbs
ser to be
estar to be
tener to have
haber to have
hacer to do
decir to say
ir to go
venir to come
ver to see
mirar to look
dar to give
saber to know
conocer to know
querer to want
poder to be able to
deber to have to
pensar to think
creer to believe
encontrar to find
buscar to search
llevar to carry
traer to bring
empezar to start
terminar to finish
seguir to continue
trabajar to work
estudiar to study
aprender to learn
enseñar to teach
hablar to speak
escuchar to listen
leer to read
escribir to write
comprar to buy
vender to sell
pagar to pay
vivir to live
morir to die
nacer to be born
viajar to travel
abrir to open
cerrar to close
entrar to enter
salir to leave
subir to go up
bajar to go down
cambiar to change
usar to use
llamar to call
esperar to wait
ayudar to help
necesitar to need
gustar to like
amar to love
odiar to hate
recordar to remember
olvidar to forget
preguntar to ask
responder to answer
comenzar to begin
Most Common Spanish Adverbs
aquí here
ahí there
allí over there
acá here
allá over there
cerca near
lejos far
dentro inside
fuera outside
arriba up
abajo down
encima on top
debajo underneath
delante in front
detrás behind
alrededor around
junto together
aparte aside
enfrente opposite
atrás back
hoy today
ayer yesterday
mañana tomorrow
ahora now
antes before
después after
luego later
pronto soon
tarde late
temprano early
siempre always
nunca never
jamás never
a veces sometimes
frecuentemente frequently
raramente rarely
ya already
todavía still
aún still
mientras while
bien well
mal badly
mejor better
peor worse
así like this
también also
tampoco neither
solo only
solamente only
casi almost
apenas hardly
mucho a lot
poco little
demasiado too much
bastante quite
muy very
tan so
más more
menos less
quizás perhaps
Most Common Spanish Adjectives
bueno good
malo bad
grande big
pequeño small
alto tall
bajo short
largo long
corto short
ancho wide
estrecho narrow
nuevo new
viejo old
joven young
antiguo ancient
moderno modern
rápido fast
lento slow
fácil easy
difícil difficult
importante important
interesante interesting
aburrido boring
feliz happy
triste sad
contento glad
enojado angry
cansado tired
ocupado busy
libre free
rico rich
pobre poor
caro expensive
barato cheap
claro clear
oscuro dark
limpio clean
sucio dirty
caliente hot
frío cold
fuerte strong
débil weak
seguro safe
peligroso dangerous
correcto correct
equivocado wrong
amable kind
simpático nice
antipático unfriendly
serio serious
divertido funny
tranquilo calm
nervioso nervous
abierto open
cerrado closed
posible possible
imposible impossible
necesario necessary
útil useful
popular popular
general general
Counting in Spanish
cero zero
uno one
dos two
tres three
cuatro four
cinco five
seis six
siete seven
ocho eight
nueve nine
diez ten
once eleven
doce twelve
trece thirteen
catorce fourteen
quince fifteen
dieciséis sixteen
diecisiete seventeen
dieciocho eighteen
diecinueve nineteen
veinte twenty
veintiuno twenty-one
treinta thirty
cuarenta forty
cincuenta fifty
sesenta sixty
setenta seventy
ochenta eighty
noventa ninety
cien one hundred
ciento one hundred and
doscientos two hundred
trescientos three hundred
cuatrocientos four hundred
quinientos five hundred
seiscientos six hundred
setecientos seven hundred
ochocientos eight hundred
novecientos nine hundred
mil one thousand
millón million
primero first
segundo second
tercero third
cuarto fourth
quinto fifth
sexto sixth
séptimo seventh
octavo eighth
noveno ninth
décimo tenth
doble double
triple triple
mitad half
tercio third part
cuarto quarter
par even number
impar odd number
número number
cantidad quantity
Time in Spanish
estación season
primavera spring
verano summer
otoño autumn
invierno winter
año year
mes month
semana week
día day
fin de semana weekend
enero january
febrero february
marzo march
abril april
mayo may
junio june
julio july
agosto august
septiembre september
octubre october
noviembre november
diciembre december
lunes monday
martes tuesday
miércoles wednesday
jueves thursday
viernes friday
sábado saturday
domingo sunday
hoy today
ayer yesterday
mañana tomorrow
anteayer the day before yesterday
pasado mañana the day after tomorrow
ahora now
antes before
después after
temprano early
tarde late
puntual on time
hora hour
minuto minute
segundo second
mediodía noon
medianoche midnight
mañana morning
tarde afternoon
noche night
reloj clock
calendario calendar
fecha date
cumpleaños birthday
aniversario anniversary
ayer por la noche last night
esta mañana this morning
esta tarde this afternoon
esta noche tonight
cada día every day
cada semana every week
cada año every year
Family in Spanish
familia family
pariente relative
hogar home
matrimonio marriage
boda wedding
pareja couple
esposo husband
esposa wife
marido husband
mujer wife
novio boyfriend
novia girlfriend
compromiso engagement
divorcio divorce
separación separation
amor love
amistad friendship
cariño affection
respeto respect
confianza trust
padre father
madre mother
papá dad
mamá mom
hijo son
hija daughter
niño child
niña girl
hermano brother
hermana sister
abuelo grandfather
abuela grandmother
nieto grandson
nieta granddaughter
tío uncle
tía aunt
primo cousin
prima cousin
sobrino nephew
sobrina niece
suegro father-in-law
suegra mother-in-law
yerno son-in-law
nuera daughter-in-law
cuñado brother-in-law
cuñada sister-in-law
padrastro stepfather
madrastra stepmother
hijastro stepson
hijastra stepdaughter
tutor guardian
ahijado godson
ahijada goddaughter
padrino godfather
madrina godmother
crianza upbringing
parentesco kinship
descendencia descendants
ascendencia ancestry
linaje lineage
relación relationship
vínculo bond
convivencia cohabitation
reconciliación reconciliation
discusión argument
conflicto conflict
apoyo support
cuidado care
protección protection
dependencia dependence
independencia independence
compañero partner
compañera partner
vecino neighbor
vecina neighbor
colega colleague
amistoso friendly
cercano close
querido dear
querida dear
Colors, Shapes and Sizes in Spanish
color color
tono shade
matiz hue
tinte tint
brillo brightness
claridad lightness
oscuridad darkness
contraste contrast
transparente transparent
opaco opaque
rojo red
azul blue
verde green
amarillo yellow
negro black
blanco white
gris gray
marrón brown
rosa pink
naranja orange
violeta violet
morado purple
turquesa turquoise
celeste sky blue
beige beige
dorado golden
plateado silver
carmesí crimson
escarlata scarlet
índigo indigo
forma shape
figura figure
línea line
curva curve
ángulo angle
lado side
borde edge
superficie surface
contorno outline
perfil profile
círculo circle
cuadrado square
rectángulo rectangle
triángulo triangle
óvalo oval
esfera sphere
cubo cube
cilindro cylinder
cono cone
pirámide pyramid
tamaño size
dimensión dimension
medida measurement
proporción proportion
escala scale
volumen volume
área area
espesor thickness
altura height
anchura width
longitud length
profundidad depth
diámetro diameter
radio radius
perímetro perimeter
grande large
pequeño small
enorme huge
gigante giant
minúsculo tiny
alto tall
bajo short
ancho wide
estrecho narrow
largo long
corto short
grueso thick
delgado thin
ligero lightweight
pesado heavy
compacto compact
extendido extended
vertical vertical
horizontal horizontal
diagonal diagonal
simétrico symmetrical
asimétrico asymmetrical
regular regular
irregular irregular
uniforme uniform
Food and Drinks in Spanish
comida food
bebida drink
desayuno breakfast
almuerzo lunch
cena dinner
merienda snack
aperitivo appetizer
plato dish
menú menu
receta recipe
ingrediente ingredient
cocina cuisine
restaurante restaurant
cafetería café
bar bar
panadería bakery
pastelería pastry shop
mercado market
supermercado supermarket
tienda de comestibles grocery store
pan bread
arroz rice
pasta pasta
sopa soup
ensalada salad
carne meat
pollo chicken
ternera beef
cerdo pork
pescado fish
marisco seafood
huevo egg
queso cheese
leche milk
mantequilla butter
aceite oil
sal salt
azúcar sugar
harina flour
salsa sauce
verdura vegetable
fruta fruit
manzana apple
plátano banana
naranja orange
fresa strawberry
uva grape
limón lemon
tomate tomato
patata potato
cebolla onion
ajo garlic
zanahoria carrot
lechuga lettuce
pepino cucumber
pimiento pepper
maíz corn
judía bean
lenteja lentil
garbanzo chickpea
postre dessert
pastel cake
tarta pie
galleta cookie
helado ice cream
chocolate chocolate
caramelo candy
miel honey
mermelada jam
yogur yogurt
agua water
café coffee
té tea
zumo juice
refresco soft drink
cerveza beer
vino wine
sidra cider
batido milkshake
licor liqueur
caliente hot
frío cold
dulce sweet
salado salty
amargo bitter
picante spicy
ácido sour
crujiente crispy
suave soft
fresco fresh
Clothes in Spanish
ropa clothing
prenda garment
vestimenta attire
atuendo outfit
moda fashion
estilo style
talla size
medida measurement
tejido fabric
algodón cotton
lana wool
seda silk
cuero leather
mezclilla denim
poliéster polyester
botón button
cremallera zipper
bolsillo pocket
cuello collar
manga sleeve
camisa shirt
camiseta t-shirt
blusa blouse
suéter sweater
chaqueta jacket
abrigo coat
sudadera hoodie
chaleco vest
traje suit
corbata tie
pantalón pants
vaqueros jeans
falda skirt
vestido dress
shorts shorts
pijama pajamas
ropa interior underwear
calcetines socks
medias stockings
cinturón belt
zapatos shoes
zapatillas sneakers
botas boots
sandalias sandals
tacones heels
sombrero hat
gorra cap
bufanda scarf
guantes gloves
gafas glasses
gafas de sol sunglasses
reloj watch
pulsera bracelet
collar necklace
anillo ring
pendientes earrings
mochila backpack
bolso handbag
cartera wallet
maleta suitcase
paraguas umbrella
impermeable raincoat
traje de baño swimsuit
bikini bikini
uniforme uniform
delantal apron
disfraz costume
ropa deportiva sportswear
pijama sleepwear
chaqué morning coat
ajustado tight
holgado loose
elegante elegant
informal casual
formal formal
cómodo comfortable
incómodo uncomfortable
nuevo new
usado used
de moda trendy
Weather in Spanish
tiempo weather
clima climate
pronóstico forecast
temperatura temperature
grado degree
calor heat
frío cold
fresco cool
humedad humidity
viento wind
brisa breeze
tormenta storm
tempestad tempest
huracán hurricane
tornado tornado
ciclón cyclone
lluvia rain
llovizna drizzle
chaparrón downpour
granizo hail
nieve snow
nevada snowfall
helada frost
hielo ice
escarcha frost
niebla fog
neblina mist
nube cloud
nubosidad cloudiness
cielo sky
despejado clear
nublado cloudy
soleado sunny
lluvioso rainy
nevado snowy
ventoso windy
húmedo humid
seco dry
caluroso hot
frío cold
cálido warm
templado mild
bochorno muggy heat
ola de calor heat wave
ola de frío cold wave
presión atmosférica atmospheric pressure
barómetro barometer
termómetro thermometer
estación meteorológica weather station
radiación radiation
amanecer sunrise
atardecer sunset
anochecer nightfall
relámpago lightning
trueno thunder
rayo lightning bolt
arcoíris rainbow
torbellino whirlwind
corriente de aire air current
cambio climático climate change
sequía drought
inundación flood
deshielo thaw
congelación freezing
precipitación precipitation
nubarrón dark cloud
bruma haze
cielo cubierto overcast sky
clima tropical tropical climate
clima polar polar climate
Travel in Spanish
viaje trip
turismo tourism
viajero traveler
turista tourist
destino destination
origen origin
itinerario itinerary
ruta route
mapa map
guía guide
reserva reservation
billete ticket
boleto ticket
pasaje passage
equipaje luggage
maleta suitcase
mochila backpack
aduana customs
frontera border
visado visa
pasaporte passport
aeropuerto airport
vuelo flight
avión airplane
aerolínea airline
tarjeta de embarque boarding pass
puerta de embarque boarding gate
facturación check-in
control de seguridad security check
retraso delay
cancelación cancellation
aterrizaje landing
despegue takeoff
tripulación crew
azafata flight attendant
piloto pilot
escala layover
terminal terminal
pista runway
hangar hangar
estación station
tren train
ferrocarril railway
andén platform
metro subway
tranvía tram
autobús bus
parada stop
taxi taxi
coche car
automóvil automobile
carretera road
autopista highway
calle street
avenida avenue
rotonda roundabout
señal de tráfico traffic sign
semáforo traffic light
peatón pedestrian
ciclista cyclist
bicicleta bicycle
motocicleta motorcycle
barco boat
buque ship
crucero cruise ship
puerto port
ferry ferry
navegación navigation
alquiler de coches car rental
agencia de viajes travel agency
hotel hotel
hostal hostel
albergue guesthouse
habitación room
recepción reception
llave key
tarifa rate
servicio de habitaciones room service
pensión completa full board
media pensión half board
Home in Spanish
casa house
hogar home
vivienda dwelling
edificio building
apartamento apartment
piso flat
chalé cottage
vecindario neighborhood
dirección address
entrada entrance
salida exit
puerta door
ventana window
pared wall
techo ceiling
suelo floor
escalera staircase
pasillo hallway
balcón balcony
terraza terrace
salón living room
comedor dining room
cocina kitchen
baño bathroom
dormitorio bedroom
habitación room
despacho study
garaje garage
sótano basement
ático attic
jardín garden
patio courtyard
trastero storage room
lavadero laundry room
vestíbulo lobby
porche porch
chimenea fireplace
radiador radiator
calefacción heating
aire acondicionado air conditioning
mueble furniture
sofá sofa
sillón armchair
silla chair
mesa table
escritorio desk
cama bed
colchón mattress
almohada pillow
manta blanket
armario wardrobe
estantería shelf
cómoda dresser
lámpara lamp
cortina curtain
alfombra carpet
espejo mirror
cuadro painting
reloj de pared wall clock
televisor television
electrodoméstico appliance
nevera fridge
congelador freezer
horno oven
microondas microwave
lavadora washing machine
secadora dryer
lavavajillas dishwasher
fregadero sink
grifo tap
ducha shower
bañera bathtub
inodoro toilet
enchufe plug
interruptor switch
bombilla light bulb
cerradura lock
llave key
alarma alarm
timbre doorbell
Law in Spanish
trabajo job
empleo employment
ocupación occupation
profesión profession
carrera career
oficio trade
puesto position
cargo post
empresa company
compañía company
negocio business
oficina office
fábrica factory
taller workshop
equipo team
colega colleague
jefe boss
gerente manager
director director
empleado employee
trabajador worker
empleador employer
cliente client
proveedor supplier
contrato contract
salario salary
sueldo wage
pago payment
beneficio benefit
horario schedule
turno shift
vacaciones vacation
permiso leave
ascenso promotion
despido dismissal
renuncia resignation
entrevista interview
currículum résumé
experiencia experience
formación training
médico doctor
enfermero nurse
profesor teacher
maestro teacher
abogado lawyer
ingeniero engineer
arquitecto architect
contador accountant
cocinero cook
chef chef
camarero waiter
policía police officer
bombero firefighter
soldado soldier
periodista journalist
escritor writer
artista artist
actor actor
músico musician
científico scientist
programador programmer
diseñador designer
electricista electrician
mecánico mechanic
carpintero carpenter
agricultor farmer
panadero baker
vendedor salesperson
repartidor delivery worker
conductor driver
piloto pilot
recepcionista receptionist
secretario secretary
traductor translator
consultor consultant
analista analyst
investigador researcher
emprendedor entrepreneur
freelance freelancer
aprendiz apprentice
Jobs in Spanish
trabajo job
empleo employment
ocupación occupation
profesión profession
carrera career
oficio trade
puesto position
cargo post
empresa company
compañía company
negocio business
oficina office
fábrica factory
taller workshop
equipo team
colega colleague
jefe boss
gerente manager
director director
empleado employee
trabajador worker
empleador employer
cliente client
proveedor supplier
contrato contract
salario salary
sueldo wage
pago payment
beneficio benefit
horario schedule
turno shift
vacaciones vacation
permiso leave
ascenso promotion
despido dismissal
renuncia resignation
entrevista interview
currículum résumé
experiencia experience
formación training
médico doctor
enfermero nurse
profesor teacher
maestro teacher
abogado lawyer
ingeniero engineer
arquitecto architect
contador accountant
cocinero cook
chef chef
camarero waiter
policía police officer
bombero firefighter
soldado soldier
periodista journalist
escritor writer
artista artist
actor actor
músico musician
científico scientist
programador programmer
diseñador designer
electricista electrician
mecánico mechanic
carpintero carpenter
agricultor farmer
panadero baker
vendedor salesperson
repartidor delivery worker
conductor driver
piloto pilot
recepcionista receptionist
secretario secretary
traductor translator
consultor consultant
analista analyst
investigador researcher
emprendedor entrepreneur
freelance freelancer
aprendiz apprentice
Shopping in Spanish
compra purchase
venta sale
tienda shop
almacén storehouse
centro comercial shopping mall
mercado market
cliente customer
consumidor consumer
vendedor seller
cajero cashier
caja cash register
precio price
costo cost
valor value
oferta offer
descuento discount
rebaja price reduction
promoción promotion
liquidación clearance sale
garantía guarantee
devolución return
cambio exchange
recibo receipt
factura invoice
ticket receipt
carrito shopping cart
bolsa bag
probador fitting room
talla size
marca brand
modelo model
producto product
servicio service
existencias stock
almacén warehouse
pedido order
envío shipment
entrega delivery
plazo deadline
suscripción subscription
dinero money
efectivo cash
moneda coin
billete banknote
cambio change
tarjeta de crédito credit card
tarjeta de débito debit card
transferencia transfer
pago payment
cuenta account
banco bank
cajero automático ATM
ahorro savings
inversión investment
interés interest
préstamo loan
hipoteca mortgage
deuda debt
ingreso income
gasto expense
presupuesto budget
salario salary
sueldo wage
beneficio profit
pérdida loss
capital capital
impuesto tax
facturación billing
comisión commission
seguro insurance
contrato contract
mercancía merchandise
mayorista wholesaler
minorista retailer
negocio business
empresa company
economía economy
finanzas finance
riqueza wealth
pobreza poverty
Health in Spanish
salud health
bienestar well-being
enfermedad illness
dolor pain
síntoma symptom
diagnóstico diagnosis
tratamiento treatment
terapia therapy
medicina medicine
remedio remedy
receta prescription
pastilla pill
tableta tablet
inyección injection
vacuna vaccine
cirugía surgery
operación operation
hospital hospital
clínica clinic
consulta appointment
médico doctor
enfermero nurse
paciente patient
especialista specialist
dentista dentist
psicólogo psychologist
farmacéutico pharmacist
urgencia emergency
ambulancia ambulance
seguro médico health insurance
análisis test
radiografía x-ray
ecografía ultrasound
resonancia MRI
presión arterial blood pressure
pulso pulse
temperatura temperature
alergia allergy
infección infection
virus virus
bacteria bacterium
herida wound
fractura fracture
quemadura burn
inflamación inflammation
mareo dizziness
náusea nausea
tos cough
fiebre fever
resfriado cold
cuerpo body
cabeza head
cerebro brain
ojo eye
oreja ear
nariz nose
boca mouth
diente tooth
lengua tongue
cuello neck
hombro shoulder
brazo arm
codo elbow
muñeca wrist
mano hand
dedo finger
pecho chest
corazón heart
pulmón lung
estómago stomach
hígado liver
riñón kidney
intestino intestine
espalda back
columna spine
cadera hip
pierna leg
rodilla knee
tobillo ankle
pie foot
músculo muscle
hueso bone
piel skin
sangre blood
vena vein
arteria artery
respiración breathing
digestión digestion
circulación circulation
nutrición nutrition
Hobbies in Spanish
pasatiempo hobby
afición interest
entretenimiento entertainment
ocio leisure
actividad activity
diversión fun
coleccionismo collecting
colección collection
filatelia stamp collecting
numismática coin collecting
fotografía photography
pintura painting
dibujo drawing
escultura sculpture
manualidades crafts
costura sewing
tejido knitting
bordado embroidery
carpintería woodworking
jardinería gardening
lectura reading
escritura writing
poesía poetry
novela novel
cuento short story
música music
canto singing
baile dancing
teatro theater
cine cinema
series tv series
videojuegos video games
ajedrez chess
rompecabezas puzzle
cartas card games
juegos de mesa board games
magia magic tricks
modelismo model building
origami paper folding
cocina cooking
repostería baking
senderismo hiking
camping camping
pesca fishing
ciclismo cycling
natación swimming
yoga yoga
meditación meditation
gimnasia gymnastics
patinaje skating
viajes traveling
blog blogging
vlog video blogging
redes sociales social media
voluntariado volunteering
aprendizaje de idiomas language learning
astronomía astronomy
observación de aves birdwatching
cuidado de mascotas pet care
acuario aquarium keeping
club club
taller workshop
curso course
competencia competition
torneo tournament
festival festival
exposición exhibition
concierto concert
ensayo rehearsal
presentación performance
Education in Spanish
educación education
enseñanza teaching
aprendizaje learning
escuela school
colegio school
instituto high school
universidad university
facultad faculty
campus campus
clase class
aula classroom
profesor teacher
maestro teacher
estudiante student
alumno pupil
compañero classmate
director principal
asignatura subject
materia subject
programa curriculum
curso course
lección lesson
tarea homework
examen exam
prueba test
evaluación evaluation
nota grade
calificación mark
diploma diploma
título degree
beca scholarship
matrícula enrollment
inscripción registration
biblioteca library
laboratorio laboratory
investigación research
proyecto project
tesis thesis
seminario seminar
conferencia lecture
Nature in Spanish
naturaleza nature
paisaje landscape
entorno environment
medio ambiente environment
ecosistema ecosystem
hábitat habitat
biodiversidad biodiversity
flora flora
fauna fauna
vegetación vegetation
clima climate
relieve terrain
geografía geography
región region
zona area
territorio territory
campo countryside
pradera meadow
bosque forest
selva jungle
árbol tree
arbusto bush
planta plant
flor flower
hoja leaf
rama branch
raíz root
tronco trunk
semilla seed
fruto fruit
hierba grass
musgo moss
hongo fungus
roca rock
piedra stone
montaña mountain
colina hill
valle valley
acantilado cliff
cueva cave
río river
arroyo stream
lago lake
laguna lagoon
mar sea
océano ocean
costa coast
playa beach
isla island
península peninsula
desierto desert
duna dune
glaciar glacier
volcán volcano
cascada waterfall
manantial spring
pantano swamp
arrecife reef
bahía bay
cabo cape
horizonte horizon
amanecer sunrise
atardecer sunset
cielo sky
nube cloud
bruma mist
viento wind
tormenta storm
lluvia rain
nieve snow
sendero trail
camino path
parque park
reserva natural nature reserve
parque nacional national park
mirador viewpoint
panorama panorama
vista view
tranquilidad peacefulness
silencio silence
Technology in Spanish
tecnología technology
innovación innovation
dispositivo device
aparato appliance
máquina machine
ordenador computer
computadora computer
portátil laptop
tableta tablet
teléfono phone
móvil mobile phone
pantalla screen
teclado keyboard
ratón mouse
impresora printer
escáner scanner
cámara camera
altavoz speaker
auriculares headphones
micrófono microphone
internet internet
red network
sitio web website
página web webpage
aplicación application
programa program
software software
hardware hardware
archivo file
datos data
base de datos database
contraseña password
usuario user
cuenta account
descarga download
subida upload
nube cloud storage
seguridad security
código code
programación programming
Feelings in Spanish
sentimiento feeling
emoción emotion
estado de ánimo mood
felicidad happiness
alegría joy
tristeza sadness
pena sorrow
ira anger
enojo anger
rabia rage
miedo fear
temor fear
ansiedad anxiety
estrés stress
preocupación worry
culpa guilt
vergüenza shame
orgullo pride
sorpresa surprise
asco disgust
amor love
cariño affection
ternura tenderness
pasión passion
odio hate
resentimiento resentment
celos jealousy
envidia envy
gratitud gratitude
admiración admiration
respeto respect
confianza trust
desconfianza distrust
esperanza hope
desesperación despair
ilusión excitement
decepción disappointment
frustración frustration
motivación motivation
satisfacción satisfaction
tranquilidad calmness
nerviosismo nervousness
inseguridad insecurity
seguridad confidence
soledad loneliness
compañerismo companionship
empatía empathy
simpatía sympathy
antipatía dislike
euforia euphoria
melancolía melancholy
aburrimiento boredom
cansancio tiredness
alivio relief
nostalgia nostalgia
curiosidad curiosity
duda doubt
certeza certainty
confusión confusion
indiferencia indifference
Sports in Spanish
deporte sport
actividad física physical activity
ejercicio exercise
entrenamiento training
competición competition
torneo tournament
partido match
equipo team
jugador player
entrenador coach
árbitro referee
estadio stadium
campo field
pista court
cancha court
gol goal
punto point
victoria victory
derrota defeat
empate draw
fútbol football
baloncesto basketball
tenis tennis
natación swimming
atletismo athletics
ciclismo cycling
boxeo boxing
voleibol volleyball
balonmano handball
golf golf
rugby rugby
esquí skiing
patinaje skating
gimnasia gymnastics
karate karate
judo judo
surf surfing
remo rowing
hockey hockey
béisbol baseball
Animals in Spanish
animal animal
mamífero mammal
ave bird
pez fish
reptil reptile
anfibio amphibian
insecto insect
especie species
raza breed
fauna fauna
hábitat habitat
salvaje wild
doméstico domestic
mascota pet
ganado livestock
granja farm
selva jungle
bosque forest
sabana savanna
océano ocean
perro dog
gato cat
caballo horse
vaca cow
toro bull
oveja sheep
cabra goat
cerdo pig
conejo rabbit
ratón mouse
león lion
tigre tiger
elefante elephant
jirafa giraffe
cebra zebra
oso bear
lobo wolf
zorro fox
mono monkey
ciervo deer
águila eagle
halcón falcon
búho owl
paloma pigeon
gallina hen
gallo rooster
pato duck
cisne swan
pingüino penguin
colibrí hummingbird
tiburón shark
delfín dolphin
ballena whale
pulpo octopus
cangrejo crab
serpiente snake
lagarto lizard
tortuga turtle
rana frog
cocodrilo crocodile
hormiga ant
abeja bee
mariposa butterfly
mosca fly
mosquito mosquito
araña spider
escorpión scorpion
caracol snail
gusano worm
erizo hedgehog
War in Spanish
guerra war
conflicto conflict
batalla battle
combate combat
enfrentamiento clash
ataque attack
defensa defense
invasión invasion
ocupación occupation
retirada retreat
armada armed forces
ejército army
marina navy
fuerza aérea air force
soldado soldier
oficial officer
general general
comandante commander
capitán captain
teniente lieutenant
arma weapon
rifle rifle
pistola pistol
misil missile
bomba bomb
granada grenade
tanque tank
avión de combate fighter jet
submarino submarine
munición ammunition
estrategia strategy
táctica tactic
alianza alliance
coalición coalition
resistencia resistance
rebelión rebellion
revolución revolution
golpe de estado coup d’état
armisticio armistice
tratado de paz peace treaty
refugiado refugee
víctima victim
prisionero prisoner
rehenes hostages
desplazado displaced person
frontera border
territorio territory
sanción sanction
bloqueo blockade
propaganda propaganda
Politics in Spanish
política politics
gobierno government
estado state
nación nation
república republic
monarquía monarchy
democracia democracy
dictadura dictatorship
régimen regime
administración pública public administration
institución institution
autoridad authority
poder ejecutivo executive power
poder legislativo legislative power
poder judicial judicial power
constitución constitution
ley law
decreto decree
reforma reform
transparencia transparency
elección election
votación vote
sufragio suffrage
referéndum referendum
plebiscito plebiscite
candidato candidate
campaña electoral electoral campaign
partido político political party
coalición coalition
oposición opposition
mayoría absoluta absolute majority
minoría parlamentaria parliamentary minority
diputado deputy
senador senator
alcalde mayor
presidente president
primer ministro prime minister
gabinete cabinet
mandato term of office
legislatura legislative term
ideología ideology
liberalismo liberalism
conservadurismo conservatism
socialismo socialism
comunismo communism
nacionalismo nationalism
populismo populism
federalismo federalism
separatismo separatism
pluralismo pluralism
laicismo secularism
derechos humanos human rights
igualdad equality
libertad freedom
ciudadanía citizenship
gobernanza governance
corrupción corruption
rendición de cuentas accountability
estabilidad política political stability
política pública public policy
diplomacia diplomacy
embajada embassy
embajador ambassador
consulado consulate
cónsul consul
relaciones exteriores foreign relations
tratado internacional international treaty
acuerdo bilateral bilateral agreement
acuerdo multilateral multilateral agreement
protocolo diplomático diplomatic protocol
cumbre internacional international summit
negociación negotiation
mediación mediation
alianza estratégica strategic alliance
organización internacional international organization
resolución resolution
declaración conjunta joint declaration
sanción económica economic sanction
misión diplomática diplomatic mission
multilateralismo multilateralism
Loanwords in Spanish
aceituna olive (Arabic: الزيتونة az-zaytūna)
acequia irrigation canal (Arabic: الساقية as-sāqiya)
aduana customs office (Arabic: الديوان ad-dīwān)
ajedrez chess (Arabic: الشطرنج ash-shatranj)
alacena pantry (Arabic: الخزانة al-khizāna)
albahaca basil (Arabic: الحبق al-ḥabaq)
alcalde mayor (Arabic: القاضي al-qāḍī)
alcázar fortress (Arabic: القصر al-qaṣr)
alfombra carpet (Arabic: الحنفرة al-ḥunfura)
algodón cotton (Arabic: القطن al-quṭn)
almacén warehouse (Arabic: المخزن al-makhzan)
almohada pillow (Arabic: المخدة al-mikhadda)
azafrán saffron (Arabic: الزعفران az-za‘farān)
azúcar sugar (Arabic: السكر as-sukkar)
ojalá hopefully (Arabic: إن شاء الله in shā’ allāh)
guerra war (Germanic: werra)
robar to steal (Germanic: raubon)
espía spy (Germanic: spehōn)
rico rich (Germanic: rīks)
falda skirt (Germanic: falda)
blanco white (Germanic: blank)
gris grey (Germanic: gris)
guardar to guard (Germanic: wardōn)
ganar to win (Germanic: waidanjan)
yelmo helmet (Germanic: helm)
tregua truce (Germanic: triggwa)
brida bridle (Germanic: brīdel)
jabón soap (Germanic: saipo)
guante glove (Germanic: want)
orgullo pride (Germanic: urgol)
piano piano (Italian: piano)
soneto sonnet (Italian: sonetto)
novela novel (Italian: novella)
capricho caprice (Italian: capriccio)
escopeta shotgun (Italian: schioppo)
fragata frigate (Italian: fregata)
mafia mafia (Italian: mafia)
banco bank (Italian: banco)
fachada facade (Italian: facciata)
piloto pilot (Italian: pilota)
diseño design (Italian: disegno)
alarma alarm (Italian: all’arme)
charlar to chat (Italian: ciarlare)
modelo model (Italian: modello)
carroza carriage (Italian: carrozza)
hotel hotel (French: hôtel)
garaje garage (French: garage)
equipaje luggage (French: équipage)
chef chef (French: chef)
menú menu (French: menu)
souvenir souvenir (French: souvenir)
collage collage (French: collage)
carné card (French: carnet)
detalle detail (French: détail)
reportaje report (French: reportage)
parque park (French: parc)
chaqueta jacket (French: jaquette)
coquetear to flirt (French: coquetter)
masaje massage (French: massage)
debut debut (French: début)
fútbol football (English: football)
béisbol baseball (English: baseball)
líder leader (English: leader)
club club (English: club)
mitin meeting (English: meeting)
sándwich sandwich (English: sandwich)
suéter sweater (English: sweater)
eslogan slogan (English: slogan)
marketing marketing (English: marketing)
chat chat (English: chat)
wifi wifi (English: wifi)
software software (English: software)
blog blog (English: blog)
líquido liquid (English: liquid)
show show (English: show)
patata potato (Quechua: papa)
puma puma (Quechua: puma)
cóndor condor (Quechua: kuntur)
choclo corn (Quechua: chuqllu)
cancha field (Quechua: kancha)
mate mate drink (Quechua: mati)
carpa tent (Quechua: karpa)
vincha headband (Quechua: wincha)
guano guano (Quechua: wanu)
llama llama (Quechua: llama)
canoa canoe (Taíno: canoa)
hamaca hammock (Taíno: hamaka)
huracán hurricane (Taíno: hurakán)
tabaco tobacco (Taíno: tabaco)
barbacoa barbecue (Taíno: barbacoa)
iguana iguana (Taíno: iwana)
maíz corn (Taíno: mahís)
cacique chief (Taíno: kasike)
batata sweet potato (Taíno: batata)
sabana savanna (Taíno: zabana)
kimono kimono (Japanese: 着物 kimono)
karaoke karaoke (Japanese: カラオケ karaoke)
tsunami tsunami (Japanese: 津波 tsunami)
emoji emoji (Japanese: 絵文字 emoji)
samurái samurai (Japanese: 侍 samurai)
anime anime (Japanese: アニメ anime)
bonsái bonsai (Japanese: 盆栽 bonsai)
futón futon (Japanese: 布団 futon)
origami origami (Japanese: 折り紙 origami)
tofu tofu (Japanese: 豆腐 tōfu)
vodka vodka (Russian: водка vodka)
sputnik satellite (Russian: спутник sputnik)
zar tsar (Russian: царь tsar’)
troika troika (Russian: тройка troika)
mamut mammoth (Russian: мамонт mamont)
balalaica balalaika (Russian: балалайка balalayka)
cosaco cossack (Russian: казак kazak)
samovar samovar (Russian: самовар samovar)
taiga taiga (Russian: тайга tayga)
stepa steppe (Russian: степь step’)
yoga yoga (Sanskrit: योग yoga)
nirvana nirvana (Sanskrit: निर्वाण nirvāṇa)
karma karma (Sanskrit: कर्म karma)
mantra mantra (Sanskrit: मन्त्र mantra)
avatar avatar (Sanskrit: अवतार avatāra)
gurú guru (Sanskrit: गुरु guru)
pijama pyjamas (Hindi: पायजामा pāyjāmā)
champú shampoo (Hindi: चाँपो chāmpo)
bungaló bungalow (Hindi: बंगला banglā)
jungla jungle (Hindi: जंगल jaṅgal)
cacao cocoa (Nahuatl: cacahuatl)
chocolate chocolate (Nahuatl: xocolatl)
tomate tomato (Nahuatl: tomatl)
aguacate avocado (Nahuatl: ahuacatl)
coyote coyote (Nahuatl: coyotl)
mezcal mezcal (Nahuatl: mexcalli)
tiza chalk (Nahuatl: tizatl)
chicle chewing gum (Nahuatl: tzictli)
petate mat (Nahuatl: petlatl)
ocelote ocelot (Nahuatl: ocelotl)
boicot boycott (Irish: Boycott)
whisky whisky (Scottish Gaelic: uisge-beatha)
robot robot (Czech: robota)
polca polka (Czech: polka)
fiordo fjord (Norwegian: fjord)
esquí ski (Norwegian: ski)
sauna sauna (Finnish: sauna)
tundra tundra (Finnish: tunturi)
morsa walrus (Finnish: mursu)
slalom slalom (Norwegian: slalåm)
These are just a small sample of the hundreds of words in Spanish that come from Greek, Latin, Arabic, English and other languages. Check out our article dedicated page for the full collection of Spanish loanwords, grouped by language source, and discover how much of the language you already understand without realizing it.
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